Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban Heat Islands in Relation to Urban Development, in the Vicinity of the Atacama Desert

Near the Atacama Desert, Tacna city in Peru is among largest arid cities with constant urban development, thus understanding of surface thermal pattern needed. We propose a comprehensive study heat island phenomenon, objective (1) determining spatial and temporal variations islands (UHIs), period 1985 to 2020; (2) analyzing relationship between UHI influencing factors such as vegetation, area, population, using indices calculated satellite images. The Google Earth Engine repository was used evaluate corrected images from years 2020. coincidence normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) built-up (NDBI) good, negative NDVI land temperature (LST), attributable dense very high (−0.81) NDBI NDVI, massive urbanization leads reduction vegetal surface. has impact on LST; coefficient connections recorded 0.46. region, an increase time LST occurred industrialization urbanization. use/cover change (LUCC) evidences climate Tacna; temperatures 24.2 °C 44.2 are observed areas. In vegetated areas, remains below 24 °C, which associated rate potential evapotranspiration. Thus, this shows that form growth have produced development intraurban patterns.